The Teddy Bear Effect

Research Article
The Teddy-Bear Effect
Does Having a Baby Face Benefit Black Chief Executive
Officers?
Robert W. Livingston and Nicholas A. Pearce
Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University
ABSTRACT—Prior research suggests that having a baby
face is negatively correlated with success among White
males in high positions of leadership. However, we explored
the positive role of such ‘‘babyfaceness’’ in the
success of high-ranking Black executives. Two studies revealed
that Black chief executive officers (CEOs) were
significantly more baby-faced than White CEOs. Black
CEOs were also judged as being warmer than White CEOs,
even though ordinary Blacks were rated categorically as
being less warm than ordinary Whites. In addition, babyfaced
Black CEOs tended to lead more prestigious corporations
and earned higher salaries than mature-faced
Black CEOs; these patterns did not emerge for White
CEOs. Taken together, these findings suggest that babyfaceness
is a disarming mechanism that facilitates the
success of Black leaders by attenuating stereotypical perceptions
that Blacks are threatening. Theoretical and
practical implications for research on race, gender, and
leadership are discussed.

Proteus Effect

The Proteus Effect
"Yee and Bailenson14 proposed that behavioral shifts can occur via identity cues that exist as graphical representations of users in the form of avatars. The researchers term this the Proteus Effect, and suggest that individuals infer their expected actions from the appearance of their avatars, and then subsequently conform to the behavior. In a study which demonstrated the effect of avatar height on participants’ behavior, it was found that participants with taller avatars maintained smaller social distances and were more intimate with the confederate14. Subsequent studies found support for the Proteus Effect in various virtual environments and settings15, 16." (unknown author)

interesting article

Functions of the common ingroup identity model and acculturation strategies in intercultural communication: American host nationals’ communication with Chinese international students

Makiko Imamuraa,∗, Yan Bing Zhang

International Journal of Intercultural Relations 43 (2014) 227–238

a b s t r a c t

This experimental study examined American host nationals’ (N = 284) perceptions of Chinese international students’ cultural adaptation strategies and the effects of the strategies on the participants’ willingness to communicate with the Chinese students. Results generally revealed that the American participants judged the assimilated and integrated Chinese students equally more positively (i.e., more socially attractive and less communication anxiety) and were thus more willing to communicate with them than the separated and marginalized students. Findings are discussed in light of the common ingroup identity model (Gaertner et al., 1994), anxiety/uncertainty management theory (Gudykunst, 1988),and the acculturation framework (Berry, 1980).© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

updates on China's One-Child Policy

Zhong, M. (2005). The only-child declaration: A content analysis of published stories by China, s only-children. Intercultural Communication Studies, 14, 9-27.

Hesketh, T., Lu, L., & Xing, Z. W. (2005). The effect of China's one-child family policy after 25 years. New England Journal of Medicine, 353(11), 1171-1176.

Ebenstein, A. (2010). The “missing girls” of China and the unintended consequences of the one child policy. Journal of Human Resources, 45(1), 87-115.

Li, H., Yi, J., & Zhang, J. (2011). Estimating the effect of the one-child policy on the sex ratio imbalance in China: identification based on the difference-in-differences. Demography, 48(4), 1535-1557.

Bulte, E., Heerink, N., & Zhang, X. (2011). China's One‐Child Policy and ‘the Mystery of Missing Women’: Ethnic Minorities and Male‐Biased Sex Ratios*. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 73(1), 21-39.

Jing, Y. (2013). The One‐Child Policy Needs An Overhaul. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 32(2), 392-399.

Rain (and my) obligation study1

Cultural Differences in Perception of Family Obligation and Request Compliance in China and the US

Mary Bresnahan

Wuyu Liu

Michigan State University

Abstract

Early theorists claimed that perception of obligation as aversive is a pancultural universal. This study investigates whether obligation is seen as aversive or benevolent by participants in China (n = 205) and the U.S. (n = 164) with these results. Compared to Chinese, Americans showed greater perception of obligation as benevolent in the high obligation condition. Americans showed less perception of aversive obligation compared to Chinese. Gratitude, perceived reciprocity and threat of face loss were positively related to perception of obligation as benevolent and negatively related to perception of obligation as aversive. Chinese showed more compliance with the uncle’s request only in the moderate obligation condition compared to Americans. Both Americans and Chinese complied with the uncle’s request in the high obligation condition. Participants who perceived obligation as aversive showed less compliance whereas those who saw obligation as benevolent showed more compliance. These results suggest that obligation is not seen as universally and exclusively aversive. More testing of perception of obligation across cultures needs to be conducted to see whether the results of this study find replication and support.

Keywords: aversive obligation, benevolent obligation, gratitude, face loss, compliance

entertaining former doctoral students

Deborah Cai shared Nagesh Rao's post.

5 hrs ·

Nagesh Rao with Deborah Cai and 7 others

This is what happens when two crazy doctoral students share an office!
Created with my dear friend, Jose Rodriguez ...
and I was then Srinagesh Raghavendra
And only as quant nerds would do:-)
(Michigan State University, circa 1992)

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THIS LONG AWAITED ALBUM CONTAINS ALL OF YOUR FAVORITES INCLUDING:
Looking for subjects in all the wrong places
You light up my regression line
I wish they all could be covering law theories
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Always something there to remind me of 905A, B and C
If you asked me to, I just might stay at MSU
Fifty ways to break-in a first year class
To all the office mates we've alienated before
Now there's two less uneducated people in the world
Making a theory out of nothing at all
When a man loves his schema
You don't bring me avocados from Florida anymore
AND JUST IN TIME FOR CHRISTMAS ...
Deck the halls of the fourth floor
The little table-dancing boy
I saw Nagesh kissing Santa Claus
Jose got run over by a reindeer
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Frosty the ombudsman
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NCA Intercultural Panel in Chicago, 2014

Photo from the NCA in Washington in 2013

 

With TaeSeop Lim and Kathi Kitao after a panel at the NCA

MSU Women's Cross-Country Track Team wins NCAA Championship

Way to go Melanie Brender!